Skip to main content

PawTracks may earn a commission when you buy through links on our site.

How to treat dog dementia for a happy pet

As pets age, you’re bound to encounter some new experiences, including evolving medical needs like incontinence and dementia. Although one may be familiar with the way dementia works in people, it’s not as straightforward when you can’t communicate with your pet in words. Caring for a dog with dementia might seem overwhelming, but both you and your pet are more than capable of adapting.

Of course, your best resource for dementia-related needs is your dog’s trusted veterinarian. They’ll have the most appropriate guidance based on your dog’s specific experiences, which will make your work much easier. But until then, here’s what you need to know about taking care of a dog with dementia.

What is dog dementia?

Dog dementia — also known as canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) — is a degenerative neurological disorder that affects many geriatric pets, including dogs. It can cause confusion, anxiety, and a shift in your pup’s circadian rhythm (what helps her sleep at night and stay awake during daylight hours). These are many of the same symptoms seen in people with dementia.

Here’s the difference — one that often catches owners by surprise: CCD is often fast acting. Veterinarian Cameron Fay explains to ABC Australia, “With dogs and cats, everything is in fast-forward. You’ve got a puppy, then an adult dog … a senior, and finally the geriatric. And that happens in a short space of time. Sometimes it’s a matter of months [where] you can see that mental decline in them.”

a senior black french bulldog lies in a fluffy gray bed
Cavan-Images/Shutterstock

Symptoms of canine dementia

Hill’s Pet provides a helpful list of symptoms and signs to look out for as your dog ages: DISH.

  • Disorientation. This can include wandering, pacing, becoming lost in familiar places, getting stuck in or around furniture, and not responding to name or commands.
  • Interaction. This can include unfamiliarity with people and animals they know, less interested in interaction, and no longer greeting family members.
  • Sleep/Activity. This can include more frequent sleep, sleeping during the daytime, reduced activity, lack of interest in play, barking or howling at night, and increased confusion in the late afternoon and evening (sundowning).
  • House training. This can include accidents in inappropriate places, or wanting to go outside quickly after coming inside.

Some pet parents like to add another A to the end of the acronym to symbolize increased anxiety and changes in daily activities (via Hill’s Pet).

Is dementia stressful for dogs?

Unfortunately, canine cognitive dysfunction can be highly stressful for both pets and owners. It doesn’t help that many of the symptoms are misattributed to normal, age-related decline, which then results in a lack of proper care (unknowingly, of course).

Imagine how you might feel if you were suddenly stuck in an unfamiliar place with no clue of how to get out, where to go, or what to do — this can be the reality for pets with severe forms of dementia. For others, CCD might seem more like inconvenient “senior moments” or anywhere in between.

a senior cocker spaniel lies in the grass outside
Angyalosi Beata/Shutterstock / Shutterstock

Caring for a dog with dementia

Ultimately, there is no cure for dementia in dogs. However, there are many options you can take to keep your pup happy and healthy, though your vet can advise you which is your best route.

  • A drug called selegiline may help ease the progression of the symptoms, while anti-anxiety medications can help pups who are already in distress.
  • To keep your senior fur baby as stress-free as possible, try to stick to a daily schedule as much as you can. Life happens sometimes, so it’s okay if you’re not perfect, but this will help ensure all your dog’s needs are met. This can reduce anxiety greatly — for both of you!
  • Possibly most importantly, make sure your dog has plenty of mental stimulation. Puzzle toys and treat-releasing Kongs are great for this. Nothing can replace interaction, though, so make sure to have some light playtime and training if and when you can. A little can go a long way!
  • Even if you can’t go for long walks anymore, letting your pup wander and take in the smells of the neighborhood can be great for her mental and physical health. It will also help make the bathroom accessible for your pet, whether through a potty pad or doggy door.

A diagnosis of CCD is by no means an end-of-life sentence, especially with top-notch care like yours, but you also should never dismiss any of your dog’s symptoms or sudden behavior changes. By keeping a close eye and making some mindful changes, you can keep your dog feeling confident, calm, and like herself for much longer. It’s the least you would do for your best friend, after all.

Topics
Gabrielle LaFrank
Gabrielle LaFrank has written for sites such as Psych2Go, Elite Daily, and, currently, PawTracks. When she's not writing, you…
Can dogs eat pears? What you need to know
Here's the truth and what to do if your dog eats pears
Bernese mountain dog with a par in his mouth

"Eat your fruits and veggies" is standard advice from doctors, dietitians, and parents — you may have been on the receiving end of this (sound) recommendation for your overall health. However, dog-specific food is generally limited to "dry" and "wet." That doesn't mean a taste of a favorite human food here and there is off the table. Still, you'll want to know which ones (blueberries and apples) are safe and which (chocolate, grapes, and onions) are off the table.

If you find pears peachy, you may wonder if you can share. Can dogs eat pears? What happens if the little rascal eats a piece of pear you dropped on the floor faster than you can say, "Leave it?" Good news: You don't have to panic. Here's what to know about pears and dogs.
Can dogs eat pears?

Read more
Why your dog barks in their sleep (and what you should do about it)
Here's why dreams make your dog vocal in their sleep
A close-up of a gray dog with a wrinkly nose sleeping on the floor

Whether you're relaxing on the couch or sleeping in the middle of the night, a sudden bark from your normally quiet dog could send you into a panic. Is there an intruder in your home? Is your dog frightened or in pain? You'll be relieved to know that none of these scary what-ifs are behind your pup's nocturnal noises. They're just a dog barking in sleep mode.
Hearing a dog barking in their sleep can be startling at first, even if you can see exactly what's going on, but many dog owners quickly learn that this is neither uncommon nor worrisome. Many dogs bark, whine, and groan in their sleep, though it's only normal to have questions about this unusual behavior. Luckily, we've got all the answers you need right here.

Why do dogs bark in their sleep?

Read more
Why do dogs lick each other? Some of the reasons might surprise you
For the most part, you don't need to worry about your dog licking their bestie
One Alaskan malamute licking another

Getting doggy kisses must be one of the best parts of pet ownership. While some pooch parents decide not to allow face licks, all these behaviors come from a place of love — it's one of the best ways your dog knows to say how much they appreciate you being their mom or dad. But why do dogs lick each other? The reasons can vary quite a bit, though they're mostly all harmless (we'll cover when you should be concerned and talk to the vet). This is what you need to know about your buddies licking each other.
Why do dogs lick faces?

It's not just that pup pups enjoy licking; they particularly go for faces, ours and other canines. When our buddies are little, their moms give them dog kisses to help them learn to potty and keep them clean. However, you may find it odd to discover your pet excessively licking another dog's face. Sometimes, they do this for the same reason as any other licks, but there can be a few extra motivating factors.

Read more